The Age of Absolutism 1550-1800
History

A system of government in which an autocrat, possesses supreme and absolute power
Autocratic
A system of government in which an autocrat possesses supreme and absolute power. Autocratic. In history, autocratic refers to rulers like kings or emperors who had complete control over their countries without sharing power.

A government based on constitution, the highest laws of a sovereign state
Constitutional government
A government based on constitution, the highest laws of a sovereign state. Constitutional government. A constitutional government is a system where the authority of the government is defined and limited by a written or unwritten constitution, ensuring protection of citizens' rights.

A political and religious doctrine meaning that a monarch was given the right to rule by God
Divine right
A political and religious doctrine meaning that a monarch was given the right to rule by God. Divine right. It means that kings and queens believed they were chosen by God, giving them absolute authority to govern.

A Greek painter, sculptor and architect of the Spanish Renaissance
El Greco
A Greek painter, sculptor and architect of the Spanish Renaissance. El Greco. El Greco was an influential artist known for his unique style that blended Byzantine and Western art traditions, making a significant impact on the Spanish Renaissance.

The member of the electoral college that elected the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire
Elector
The member of the electoral college that elected the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. Elector. An elector was a prince or high-ranking noble who had the privilege of voting in the election of the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.

The constitutional law of England that sets out certain basic civil rights
English Bill of Rights
The constitutional law of England that sets out certain basic civil rights. English Bill of Rights. It is a historic document from 1689 that limited the powers of the monarchy and established rights for Parliament and individuals.

A term used for the numerous lands and kingdoms of the Habsburg dynasty
Habsburg empire
A term used for the numerous lands and kingdoms of the Habsburg dynasty. Habsburg empire. The Habsburg Empire was a major European dynasty that ruled over various regions, including Austria, Hungary, and Spain, from the late Middle Ages until the early 20th century.

A public official, especially in France, Spain, Portugal, and Latin America
Intendant
A public official, especially in France, Spain, Portugal, and Latin America. Intendant. In history, an intendant was a government official appointed to oversee and manage areas like finances, policing, and justice in various regions, particularly in France during the 17th and 18th centuries.

A form of power structure in which power rests with a small number of people
Oligarchy
A form of power structure in which power rests with a small number of people. Oligarchy is a system where a small group of influential people control a country or organization, often seen in ancient Greek city-states.

An English military and political leader best known for making England a republic
Oliver Cromwell
An English military and political leader best known for making England a republic. Oliver Cromwell. He was a key figure in the English Civil War who led the Parliamentarian victory and ruled as Lord Protector.

A historically prominent German state with a duchy centered on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea
Prussia
A historically prominent German state with a duchy centered on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. Prussia. Prussia was a powerful kingdom in northern Europe that played a key role in German unification and European politics.

A capital of the Russian Tsardom and the Russian Empire, founded by Peter the Great
St Petersburg
A capital of the Russian Tsardom and the Russian Empire, founded by Peter the Great. St Petersburg. St Petersburg is a historic Russian city founded as a major cultural and political center by Peter the Great.

A war in Europe over the issue of Maria Theresa's succession to the Habsburg Monarchy
War of the Austrian Succession
A war in Europe over the issue of Maria Theresa's succession to the Habsburg Monarchy. War of the Austrian Succession. It was a conflict from 1740 to 1748 over who should inherit the Habsburg Monarchy after Emperor Charles VI's death.