Covalent Bonding
Science

A covalent bond in which one atom contributes both bonding electrons
Coordinate covalent bond
A covalent bond in which one atom contributes both bonding electrons. Coordinate covalent bond. In a coordinate covalent bond, one atom provides both of the electrons needed to form the bond with another atom.

A weak bond of attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom
Hydrogen bond
A weak bond of attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom. Hydrogen bond. In simple terms, a hydrogen bond is a weak connection where a hydrogen atom on one molecule is attracted to an electronegative atom on another molecule.

A solid in which all the atoms are joined by covalent bonds
Network solid
A solid in which all the atoms are joined by covalent bonds. Network solid. A network solid is a type of material where atoms are connected in a continuous, repeating pattern through covalent bonds, making it very strong and hard.

A molecule with a negative end and a positive end, due to unequally distributed electrons
Polar molecule
A molecule with a negative end and a positive end, due to unequally distributed electrons. Polar molecule. A polar molecule has parts with different charges because electrons are not shared equally.

Multiple possible arrangements of electrons in a compound
Resonance structure
Multiple possible arrangements of electrons in a compound. Resonance structure. Resonance structure refers to different ways of representing the placement of electrons in a molecule that cannot be captured by a single drawing.

A covalent bond formed when an electron pair is shared by direct overlap of bonding orbitals
Sigma bond
A covalent bond formed when an electron pair is shared by direct overlap of bonding orbitals. Sigma bond. A sigma bond is a type of covalent bond where two atoms share electrons in an overlapping manner, creating a strong bond.

A pair of valence electrons that is not shared but held by one atom instead
Unshared pair
A pair of valence electrons that is not shared but held by one atom instead. Unshared pair. An unshared pair, or lone pair, is when two electrons in an atom's outer shell are not involved in bonding with another atom.

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion says that unshared electrons repel each other, it predicts molecular shapes
VSEPR model
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion says that unshared electrons repel each other, it predicts molecular shapes. VSEPR model. The VSEPR model helps determine the 3D shape of molecules by considering how electron pairs push each other apart.