Matter

Atom

The smallest particle of an element. atom. An atom is the basic building block of all matter, consisting of a nucleus surrounded by electrons.

Boiling point

The temperature at which a liquid boils. Boiling point. The boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas.

Change of state

a physical change of matter between solid, liquid, and gas. change of state. A change of state is when matter switches between solid, liquid, and gas forms, like ice melting to water.

Chemical property

A property that is not visible until a substance undergoes a chemical reaction, like solubility. Chemical property. A chemical property describes how a substance interacts with other substances, often resulting in a change in composition.

Compound

The substance made when atoms from two or more elements combine chemically is called a compound. A compound is a substance formed when different elements bond together.

Condensation

The process of a gas changing into a liquid. Condensation. Condensation is when water vapor in the air cools down and turns back into liquid water.

Corrosion

The gradual wearing away of a metal through chemical reactions. Corrosion is when metal slowly gets damaged and breaks down because of reactions with things like air or water.

Density

An object's mass per unit volume. Density. It's a measure of how much matter is packed into a given space.

Electron

A negatively charged particle outside the nucleus of an atom. Electron. An electron is a tiny particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom and carries a negative charge.

Element

A substance made of one type of atom that cannot be broken down chemically. Element. An element is a basic substance that makes up everything around us.

Evaporation

The top of liquid changing into a gas. Evaporation. Evaporation is when a liquid turns into a gas, often due to heat.

Freezing point

The temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid. Freezing point. It's the specific temperature where a liquid turns into a solid.

Mass

The amount of matter in an object. Mass. Mass is a measure of how much matter is in something, and it determines how heavy the object is and how it interacts with gravity.

Matter

Anything that has volume and mass. Matter. Matter is anything that takes up space and has weight.

Melting point

The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid. Melting point. It is the specific temperature where a solid turns into a liquid.

Metal

An element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Metal. Metals are substances that are typically shiny, dense, and can be molded, often allowing electricity and heat to move through them easily.

Mixture

A combination of substances that keep their individual properties. Mixture. In Science, a mixture is when two or more substances are combined but do not chemically change or form new substances.

Molecule

A group of atoms held together by bonds. Molecule. A molecule is the smallest unit of a chemical compound that retains its chemical properties.

Neutron

An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom. Neutron. A neutron is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom that has no electrical charge.

Nucleus atom

The center of an atom. Nucleus. The nucleus is the tiny, dense core of an atom made up of protons and neutrons.

Periodic table

A chart of all the elements, arranged by their physical and chemical properties. Periodic table. The periodic table is a grid that organizes all known chemical elements by their properties and atomic number.

Physical property

A property of a substance we can observe without changing its identity, like color or hardness, is called a physical property. A physical property is a characteristic we can see or measure without altering what the substance is made of.

Proton

A particle with a positive charge in an atoms nucleus. Proton. A proton is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom that carries a positive electric charge.

Solution

A mixture of evenly distributed substances. Solution. A solution is a homogeneous mixture where one substance is dissolved into another.

Sublimation

The change of state from a solid directly to a gas. Sublimation. In simple terms, sublimation is when a solid becomes a gas without turning into a liquid first.

Volume

The amount of space an object takes up. Volume. Volume is the measure of how much space an object occupies.

Weight

Measure of the force of gravity on an object. Weight. Weight is how heavy something is because of gravity pulling on it.