Changes in Matter and Chemicals

Acid

Forms hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Acid. An acid is a substance that releases hydrogen ions H when it dissolves in water, making the solution more acidic.

Acid base indicator

A compound that changes color when exposed to an acid or a base, like litmus paper. Acid base indicator. An acid base indicator is a substance that helps identify whether a solution is acidic or basic by changing color.

Acidity

The strength of an acid. Acidity. Acidity is a measure of how easily an acid donates protons H ions in a solution.

Alkalinity

The strength of a base. Alkalinity. Alkalinity measures how well a substance can neutralize acids.

Base

Forms hydroxide ions when dissolved in water. Base. A base is a substance that can accept hydrogen ions and usually forms hydroxide ions in solution, making the solution less acidic.

Chemical change

A change that produces a new substance. Chemical change. A chemical change happens when substances combine or break apart to form new substances.

Chemical reaction

The process where substances change into different substances through the breaking of chemical bonds. Chemical reaction. A chemical reaction is when substances mix and transform into new substances by rearranging their atoms.

Mixture

A combination of substances that keep their individual properties. Mixture. In Science, a mixture is when different substances are combined but each substance retains its own properties.

Neutralization

The reaction between an acid and a base, it produces a salt and water. Neutralization. Neutralization is when an acid and a base react to cancel each other out, creating water and a salt.

PH

The scale of how basic or acidic a solution is based on hydrogen ion concentration. pH. pH measures how acidic or basic a solution is, with lower values being acidic and higher values being basic.

Physical change

A change in size, shape, or state but not in identity. Physical change. Physical change is when something looks different, like melting ice, but its still the same substance.

Product

A new substance formed by a chemical reaction product. In science, a product is the end result of a chemical reaction.

Reactant

A substance that is changed in a chemical reaction. Reactant. A reactant is a starting material in a chemical reaction that undergoes change to form new substances.

Solubility

A measure of how much solute will dissolve in a solvent. Solubility. Solubility is how well a substance can dissolve in a liquid to form a solution.

Solution

A mixture of evenly distributed substances. Solution. In science, a solution is a homogeneous mixture where one substance is dissolved in another.