Immigration and Urbanization 1880-1915
History

An effort in the 1910s to bring recent immigrants into the American cultural system
Americanization movement
An effort in the 1910s to bring recent immigrants into the American cultural system. Americanization movement. The Americanization movement was a campaign to help immigrants assimilate into American culture and society in the early 20th century.

An island in San Francisco Bay, originally the home of a military installation
Angel Island
An island in San Francisco Bay, originally the home of a military installation. Angel Island. Angel Island is known as the "Ellis Island of the West" because it served as an immigration station for Asian immigrants entering the United States.

Spending of money on luxury goods to display economic power
Conspicuous consumerism
Spending of money on luxury goods to display economic power. Conspicuous consumerism. Historically, conspicuous consumerism refers to the practice where individuals purchase lavish items to display wealth and social status.

Invented a device that prevents elevators from falling
Elisha Otis
Invented a device that prevents elevators from falling. Elisha Otis. Elisha Otis is an inventor known for creating the safety elevator, which made tall buildings practical by preventing elevators from falling if the hoisting cable broke.

An immigrant inspection station processing 12 million immigrants through the Port of New York
Ellis Island
An immigrant inspection station processing 12 million immigrants through the Port of New York. Ellis Island. Ellis Island is a historic site that served as the main entry point for immigrants coming to the United States from 1892 to 1954.

A writer of novels about impoverished boys rising through hard work and courage
Horatio Alger
A writer of novels about impoverished boys rising through hard work and courage. Horatio Alger. Horatio Alger was a 19th-century American author known for his stories promoting the idea of achieving success through perseverance and virtue.

Activist, reformer, social worker, sociologist and author
Jane Addams
Activist, reformer, social worker, sociologist, and author Jane Addams. Jane Addams was a pioneer in social reform who founded Hull House, helping to improve the lives of the poor and immigrants in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

A set of beliefs that are dominant in a society at a given point in time
Mass culture
A set of beliefs that are dominant in a society at a given point in time. Mass culture. Mass culture refers to the shared ideas and practices widely accepted and consumed by large groups of people, often spread through media and popular entertainment.

A term that came from the influx of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe
New Immigrant
A term that came from the influx of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe. New Immigrant. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, "New Immigrants" were people arriving in the United States from southern and eastern Europe, different from earlier groups who came from northern and western Europe.

Positions within the government should be awarded on the basis of merit instead of financial and political support
Pendleton Civil Service Act
Positions within the government should be awarded on the basis of merit instead of financial and political support. Pendleton Civil Service Act. The Pendleton Civil Service Act was a law passed in 1883 that aimed to make government jobs awarded based on merit rather than political connections.

Where an authoritative boss commands the support of individuals and businesses who receive rewards
Political machine
Where an authoritative boss commands the support of individuals and businesses who receive rewards political machine. A political machine is an organization that influences votes and maintains control over political processes in exchange for favors and rewards.

A house to bring the rich and the poor together, offering daycare, education, and healthcare
Settlement house
A house to bring the rich and the poor together, offering daycare, education, and healthcare. Settlement house. Settlement houses were community centers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries aimed at helping immigrants and the poor by providing social services and education.

Term first applied to buildings of steel framed construction of at least 10 stories
Skyscrapers
Term first applied to buildings of steel-framed construction of at least 10 stories. Skyscrapers. Skyscrapers are tall buildings that became possible with advances in steel construction and elevators during the late 19th century.

A movement that applied Christian ethics to social problems, like child labor
Social Gospel movement
A movement that applied Christian ethics to social problems, like child labor. Social Gospel movement. It was a late 19th and early 20th-century movement that aimed to improve society by applying Christian principles to address social issues and injustices.