European Rivalries in North America

The Spanish Governor of the Santa Fe de Nuevo Mexico, Antonio de Otermin. Antonio de Otermin was a colonial governor known for his role during the Pueblo Revolt of 1680.

To adopt a set of beliefs identified with one particular religious denomination. Convert. In history, a convert is someone who changes their religious beliefs to align with a different religion.

A French Canadian man who exchanged European items for furs with First Nations. Coureurs de bois. Coureurs de bois were independent fur traders in New France who explored the Canadian wilderness during the 17th and early 18th centuries.

A Spanish Governor known for the reconquest of the territory following the Pueblo Revolt, Diego de Vargas. Diego de Vargas was the Spanish leader who reclaimed New Mexico for Spain after the Pueblo Revolt of 1680.

A conquistador who founded settlements in present-day the Southwestern US, Don Juan de Oate. He was a Spanish explorer and colonial governor known for establishing New Mexico for Spain in the late 16th century.

A war between colonies of British America and New France, each supported by parent country and by Indians. The French and Indian War was a conflict from 1754 to 1763 between France and Britain over North American territory.

An American political leader, military general, and the first president of the United States, George Washington. He is often called the "Father of His Country" for his role in founding the United States.

The first permanent non-Indigenous settler of what would later become Chicago, Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. He was a trader and pioneer who established a successful settlement in the area during the late 18th century.

A younger brother of Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville and co-founder of Louisiana, Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville. He was a French colonial governor who played a key role in establishing and developing New Orleans.

A Spanish priest who founded a mission in Baja California, Junipero Serra. He was a Catholic missionary who played a key role in establishing the California mission system.

A colony where missionaries lived. Mission. A mission is a settlement where missionaries promoted religion and education among local communities.

A French explorer and founder of the French colony of Louisiana in New France. Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville was a key figure in establishing French presence in North America during the late 17th century.

An Odawa war chief who led the war against the British in the Great Lakes region. Pontiac was a Native American leader who played a key role in resisting British colonization efforts after the French and Indian War.

A religious leader who led the Pueblo Revolt against Spanish colonial rule. Pope. Pope was a Native American leader who organized the Pueblo people to successfully resist Spanish control in the late 1600s.

A fortified base established by the Spanish. Presidio. A presidio is a military fort used by Spanish forces to protect their territories.

King George III forbade all settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains. Proclamation of 1763. This proclamation was a British law designed to prevent conflicts with Native Americans by stopping colonists from moving west.

A French who explored the Great Lakes, the Mississippi River, and the Gulf of Mexico. Ren Robert La Salle was a 17th-century explorer who claimed vast territories in North America for France.

Was signed by the Great Britain, France, and Spain which ended the French and Indian War. Treaty of Paris. The Treaty of Paris in 1763 marked the end of the French and Indian War, leading to France ceding much of its North American territories to Britain.

A person who transported furs by canoe in North America. Voyageur. Voyageurs were workers in the North American fur trade who paddled canoes to transport goods and furs across long distances.

The first prime minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. William Pitt. William Pitt was a key political leader in Britain during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.